Фразові дієслова (phrasal verbs) — теорія і завдання НМТ
🇬🇧 Англійська мова · 5 безкоштовних завдань і ще 2 з Pro у базі RevisionNMT. У офіційних демоваріантах НМТ (2023, 2024, 2026) — 2 завдання з цієї теми із 96 у 3 варіантах.
Фразове дієслово = дієслово + частка (up, down, on, off, out, through, over, away, after). Значення часто не виводиться з частин — його треба знати. У тесті підказує додаток після пропуску.
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1Офіційне завдання · УЦОЯО, демоваріант НМТ-2026, №24
Task 5 (23–27). Singing the Way Home
Read the text below. For questions (23–27) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Singing the Way Home
Pet owners usually have no (23) _______ but to implant their pets with microchips to help identify the animals if they get lost. However, one Siberian Husky did not need the modern technology – he could sing his way home!
The chain of events began when the police officers saw a lost dog. After giving some first aid, they (24) _______ their records to see if anybody had reported a missing husky. They found one that matched the dog they had found. However, (25) _______ rushing over to the station, the owner asked the officers to help him identify the dog by playing him the soundtracks to two popular children’s TV programmes.
To the astonishment of the police, upon (26) _______ the tune, the husky began “singing”. The owner, who was listening on the phone, (27) _______ the dog’s voice and rushed over. “I cried the whole way here,” the man said while embracing his pet.
(24) After giving some first aid, they (24) _______ their records to see if anybody had reported a missing husky.
Оберіть варіант, який найкраще заповнює пропуск у тексті.
Фразове дієслово look through = переглянути (документи, записи): «looked through their records to see if…». Look about — роззиратися, look down — дивитися вниз / зневажати, look out — стерегтися. Орієнтир — слово records після пропуску.
2Офіційне завдання · УЦОЯО, демоваріант НМТ-2024, №27
Task 5 (23–27). The History of the T-Shirt
Read the text below. For questions (23 – 27) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
The History of the T-Shirt
At the beginning of the twentieth century, the T-Shirt quickly became an American favourite. Now, a century later, the T-Shirt (23) __________ as popular as ever.
The American T-Shirt began (24) __________ WWI when American armed forces noticed European soldiers wearing a lightweight cotton undershirt on the hot European summer days. Compared to the wool uniforms that the American soldiers wore, these undershirts were cooler and more comfortable and they quickly caught on with the Americans. Due to their simple (25) __________, these shirts became known in the USA as “T-Shirts”.
In the 60s people began to tie-dye and screen-print the basic cotton T-Shirt making it an even bigger commercial (26) __________. Advances in printing and dying allowed more variety and the Tank Top, Muscle Shirt, Scoop Neck, V-Neck, and many other variations of the T-Shirt (27) __________ into fashion.
(27) …the Tank Top, Muscle Shirt, Scoop Neck, V-Neck, and many other variations of the T-Shirt (27) __________ into fashion.
Оберіть варіант, який найкраще заповнює пропуск у тексті.
Стале сполучення come into fashion — «увійти в моду» (антонім go out of fashion — вийти з моди). Went into fashion не кажуть; enter — без into (enter the market); move into — переїхати.
3Авторське завдання RevisionNMT
Task 5 (23–27). The Market at Dawn
Read the text below. For questions (23–27) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
The Market at Dawn
If you want to see the real life of a town, (23) _______ the market before seven in the morning. At that hour the traders are still (24) _______ their stalls, and the first customers – mostly restaurant cooks and grandmothers – know exactly what they want. Prices are not written anywhere; you are expected to ask and, if you are brave, to (25) _______. The best fish goes in the first half hour, so people who arrive at nine have to (26) _______ with what is left. By ten the square is full of tourists taking photographs, and the real business is over. The traders say that a good morning depends less on the weather than on the mood of the (27) _______ customers: if the cooks are generous, everybody is.
(24) At that hour the traders are still (24) _______ their stalls, and the first customers … know exactly what they want.
Оберіть варіант, який найкраще заповнює пропуск у тексті.
Set up a stall / a tent / a company — встановлювати, облаштовувати. Put on — одягати або влаштовувати виставу, make up — вигадувати чи миритися, take off — знімати чи злітати.